Alcohol is woven into so much of daily life that it can be hard to tell when drinking has crossed the line into a problem. Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a common, treatable medical condition, not a moral failing. Recognizing the signs early can help you or a loved one get help before things worsen. This article is educational and is not a substitute for professional medical advice.
The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) defines alcohol use disorder as a medical condition characterized by an impaired ability to stop or control alcohol use despite negative consequences. AUD can range from mild to moderate to severe, and it is diagnosed based on a set of clinical criteria.
Clinicians diagnose AUD using criteria from the DSM-5. The NIAAA notes that experiencing two or more of the following within a year may indicate AUD, with more symptoms suggesting greater severity. In the past year, have you or your loved one:
The more of these signs are present, the more important it is to seek a professional evaluation.
The CDC describes moderate drinking as up to one drink per day for women and up to two drinks per day for men, and notes that less drinking is better for health. Patterns such as binge drinking or heavy drinking increase the risk of developing AUD and other health problems. Drinking within or above these limits does not automatically mean someone has AUD, but exceeding them regularly is a warning sign worth paying attention to.
Over time, untreated alcohol use disorder can harm nearly every organ system. According to MedlinePlus, heavy drinking is linked to liver disease, heart problems, certain cancers, and mental health conditions such as depression and anxiety. Getting help early can prevent or reduce these harms.
Sometimes the signs are easier to see in someone we care about than in ourselves. You might notice a loved one drinking more than they used to, becoming defensive or secretive about their drinking, neglecting responsibilities, withdrawing from family activities, or seeming anxious or irritable when they cannot drink. You might also see physical signs such as frequent hangovers, changes in sleep, or declining health. If you recognize these patterns, approaching the person with compassion rather than judgment, and at a calm moment rather than during an argument, tends to be far more effective.
Express concern using "I" statements, focus on specific behaviors you have observed, and avoid labels or ultimatums delivered in anger. Let the person know that help is available, that AUD is a treatable medical condition, and that you will support them in getting care. You can offer to help them call a treatment provider or the SAMHSA National Helpline together.
You do not have to hit "rock bottom" to deserve help. Consider reaching out if drinking is causing problems in your relationships, work, health, or mood, if you have tried to cut back without success, or if you feel you cannot enjoy events without alcohol. Importantly, if you drink heavily, do not try to quit suddenly on your own; severe alcohol withdrawal can be life-threatening and may cause seizures or delirium tremens. A medically supervised medical detox keeps you safe while your body adjusts.
AUD is highly treatable. Evidence-based options include behavioral therapy, support groups, and the FDA-approved medications for alcohol use disorder described by the NIAAA, such as naltrexone and acamprosate. Our alcohol rehab programs combine these approaches in a supportive, judgment-free setting, and for those with co-occurring depression or anxiety, integrated dual-diagnosis care treats both at once.
Reaching out is a sign of strength. For free, confidential, 24/7 help and treatment referrals, call the SAMHSA National Helpline at 1-800-662-4357. If you or someone you love is in crisis or having thoughts of suicide, call or text the 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline.
California Treatment Centers is in-network with most major insurers and has multiple locations across California. We offer free, confidential insurance verification so you can explore treatment with no obligation. Call 213-321-6518 to take the first step today.
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